Was The Y2k Bug A Hoax Essay free essay sample

Was The Y2k Bug A Hoax? Exposition, Research Paper Was the Y2K Bug a Hoax? Keith Best Perhaps the greatest knowledge story of the 1999 was the Y2K bug. Numerous trusters in the Y2K bug froze and took numerous protections, for example, conveying up supplement and H2O before the New Year. While their non-adherent inverse numbers simply take a gander at it as a customary New Year and wanted to make what they would as a rule make on New Year s Eve. There was a group of ballyhoo sing the adjustment of millenary. Simply as there was the point at which the twelvemonth changed from 999 to 1000. Numerous individuals were envisioning something enormous to go on, similar to judgment twenty-four hours or the arrival of Christ. Similarly as individuals were foreseeing something enormous to go on New Year s 2000. The Y2K bug came around when the individuals who assembled processing machines were modifying them they didn Ts have a cluster of memory to work with so to rescue unbounded they abbreviated the day of the month. We will compose a custom article test on Was The Y2k Bug A Hoax Essay or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page For delineation December 31, 1999 would be 123199 in the registering machine. Specialists said that the activity with this strategy is that registering machines would t be able to recognize 1900 from 2000. So when the day of the month changed from December 31, 1999 to January 1, 2000 it was said that figuring machines would recognize 2000 as 1900, in this way accepting a few records were 100 mature ages old. At the point when the day of the month changed to 2000 numerous specialists imagined that registering machines would misfunction or close down entirely. Some different employments that were anticipated to travel off base with the millenary bug were specialized gadgets that come up short, engine bookkeepers for warmth, chilling, and airing come up short, logical hardware comes up short, programmable gadgets, for example, VCRs, microwaves, and copy machines fall flat. It was other than imagined that dealers upon whom we depend on to back up stocks and administrations would be not able to make so. It was in addition expected that finance checks would non be disseminated. A few people arranged for the millenary bug and took it truly serio usly while others believed the entire thing to be a misrepresentation simply made up to make more occupations. On one unconventional site ( www.novia.net/todd/rap66.html ) a feline raises some truly fascinating focuses. One point that really got my going to was that many figuring machines were at that point using the twelvemonth 2000 way before 2000 arrived. A few things that were using the twelvemonth 2000 preceding it came were protection approaches, bonds, stock end day of the months, spending spendings, fix plans, driver licenses, acknowledgment cards and a large group of arranging plans. Another point that says the millenary bug was made up is that numerous worries changed money related mature ages from 1999 to 2000 during 1999 and there wasn T any insight about any enormous processing machine emergencies. There was other than media talk about installed small scale contributes numerous contraptions dismissing. There are miniaturized scale contributes just about each electrical contraption and the idea of them dismissing would be terrible, yet that wouldn T occur since the colossal greater part of installed french friess have nil at all to make with clasp and day of the months. I thought that it was odd that the solitary significant thing that happened worldwide that could hold been ascribed to the Y2K bug was a lopsided force blackout in Russia. In the event that the Y2K bug should be this monstrous activity that a group of states were non making anything about or didn t have the assets to fix in cut for the twelvemonth 2000. In the event that that were the case wouldn T at that spot have been more employments with the Y2K bug? There is grounds to back up the two sides of this announcement. In the event that the millenary bug was manufactured so it was a huge achievement since it made tonss of occupations, was very advertised and it made tonss of cash. Regardless of whether or non the Y2K bug was an extortion we may neer genuinely occur out. List of sources hypertext move convention:/www.novia.net/todd/rapp66.html ( January 27th, 2000 ) hypertext move convention:/www.wbn.com/y2ktimebomb/whatis97.htm ( January 27th, 2000 )

Reconfiguration of Invoices and Payment Methods Essay Example for Free

Reconfiguration of Invoices and Payment Methods Essay This proposition spreads out the advantages and effect of applying innovation so as to reconfigure invoicing and installment strategy acknowledgment at Sunny’s Landscaping. The organization experiences low assortment rates and long assortment times. Its customary technique for work and invoicing is both inadequate and expensive. Extra staff is required just to endeavor to gather past due bills which are in many cases incorrect and obsolete. In addition, the organization would additionally profit by a client database that would arrange all work arranges and lessen or take out repetition. The absence of innovation use has placed the organization off guard in the business. Issue The issues to be tended to will be to diminish assortment time of installments while at the same time lessen overhead expenses, make a client database that can be gotten to through advertising, money, and client care divisions, and incredibly enhance operational procedures. Approach Establish if actualizing a handheld charge card acknowledgment strategy at the retail location will adequately diminish installment assortment time and give the organization an upper hand. Further decide whether electronic invoicing and database creation will kill repetition and decrease costs. System Meet with proper office headsâ€finance, client assistance, activities, marketingâ€to decide how each will profit by the reconfiguration and how to amplify benefits from those advantages. Choose which database program would be generally good for addressing the requirements of the association. Furthermore, build up the expenses and time related with instructing and preparing staff on the items and programming being presented. Allot the time and cost and decide the best quarter to actualize the changes. Organization costs, because of absence of installment assortment and overhead, seriously cut into benefits. Prompt installment by method of a portable charge card handling connector at time of administration will assist increment with companying gainfulness and effectiveness. Each program will integrate with the following. The Mastercard processor will consequently produce electronic solicitations to be messaged to the client. These solicitations will be housed in a database that will gather and store pertinent client data. The effect on the organization in general will be sure as offices will be able to share data and work together for ideal productivity. Achievement 1 Problem The issues to be tended to will be to diminish assortment time of installments while all the while decrease overhead expenses, make a client database that can be gotten to through advertising, fund, and client care divisions, and enormously enhance operational procedures. Organization Background Sunny’s Landscaping was framed in 1976 by one man in Pennsylvania and began tasks with just two extra workers. Sunny’s gives development of lakes rock dividers, water system, yard support, flowerbed plan, and all finishing needs to its clients. It has developed to utilize upwards of seventy-five individuals and has net incomes of very nearly one million dollars for each year. Sunny’s (The Company) administrations both private and business properties with business producing almost 75% of its yearly incomes. In the mid 1990’s the Company started offering extra types of assistance, for example, snow expulsion and ice development avoidance that would permit it to remain operational all year. With these extra administrations came an expansion in new records; a large portion of which have been private. The benefit increment concerning the new records has been average, best case scenario. The Company’s powerlessness to gather instal lment on the new private records has started to seriously diminish benefits and it has been proposed to decrease administrations. With an end goal to proceed with all help and develop, the Company has started to look for arrangements. Approach Internal monetary research has indicated that diminished benefits are because of a large number of issues including the high number of reprobate or late records, unnecessary staffing costs, and a general absence of adequate and viable utilization of innovation. Decide whether presenting another technique for retail location installment assortment will diminish costs identified with private records. Further decide whether an electronic invoicing procedure will empower the Company diminish staffing costs while at the same time making a client database. Technique Convene with all the fitting departmentsâ€finance, client assistance, tasks, marketingâ€to decide how a database ought to be built so it is cross practical for every office. The organization as of now utilizes Microsoft Access for its client list. Data pulled from this rundown is as a rule obsolete and mistaken. It is wrong programming to use so as to move client data to a receipt. This procedure expands work hours and is excess. As work orders are given and laborers are dispatched, each ought to be given the capacity to alter the receipt electronically on location for sure fire client installment. The technique utilized presently is to give the request, play out the work, modify the receipt in the event that essential, and afterward mail it out in the customary design. The expansion in new private clients has additionally caused an increment in non-installment. The utilization of a versatile Visa processor could help decrease this installment wrongdoing. Alternatives/Solutions Sunny’s Landscaping has next to no coordinated effort among its areas of expertise and barely any devices to work with. Every division is autonomously worked from the others and has not yet adjusted to the flood of private records. While, the bigger business accounts are notable and perceived, the littler private records are given next to no client care. The Company must discover an answer that will accommodate both the private and business accounts with company’s generally needs and each department’s capacity to work. One brought together framework would permit the Company to work in general. The Company has a requirement for a framework that can achieve three objectives: 1. Create solicitations 2. Take into account retail location charge card preparing 3. Make a database that is cross utilitarian All three frameworks must work pair and permit data to spill out of one procedure to the following. For instance, as work is finished a foreman requires the capacity to produce a receipt on the spot. At that point they should likewise be able to acknowledge installment from the client. In conclusion, the customer’s data and work performed must be electronically moved into the database where different divisions will have the option to get to it for a subsequent help. Showcasing could utilize the data for limited time mailers, client support could utilize it to get input, account would utilize it for records, and tasks could utilize it to discover the kind of administration performed. In the event that one framework can be developed that will bolster every one of the three capacities, it will diminish costs far reaching, take into consideration client data to be utilized successfully all through all divisions, and increment benefits while lessening reprobate records. Achievement 2 Sunny’s Landscaping should look into further to decide whether and what extra assets will be required to reconfigure its invoicing and installment strategies. It should likewise decide how much preparing will be required for bleeding edge laborers and supporting staff. Sunny’s Landscaping ought to consider the accompanying inquiries before settling on a choice about which programming and equipment to utilize: 1. What retail location gadget will take into account information to be put away in a database and removed for invoicing? a. Is there one gadget that is better over the other in cost and execution? b. Will this gadget need any extra in-house equipment to work? c. Will customer’s monetary and individual data be put away and handled safely; how might we guarantee clients that it is? 2. To what extent, if by any stretch of the imagination, will reserves be held for before store? 3. Will one database have the option to help all the capacities that every office requires? 4. Will earlier customer’s data be effectively gone into the new database? 5. Will an absence of portable or web association influence retail location handling; and provided that this is true, how are installments acknowledged something else? Retail location Device The two most perfect gadgets with Sunny’s Landscaping needs are SquareUp and Intuit GoPayment. Every gadget works like each other. Research has indicated the best contrasts are in installment store time and client care. SquareUp seems to have a more drawn out more slow store time of assets, particularly with new records. In addition, the initial hardly any long stretches of administration don't permit new clients to pull back whole store sums. As indicated by the SquareUp site, this installment hold is to decrease extortion. GoPayment by Intuit appears to have the best consumer loyalty. GoPayments gadget equipment additionally is by all accounts of a superior, progressively secure structure as can be found in the figure underneath.

Word of the Week! Fulgent Richmond Writing

Word of the Week! Fulgent Richmond Writing As I write this, the gloom is almost palpable outside. We have heavy rain and lowering clouds. It is far from a fulgent day. Writing Consultant Griffin Myers suggested the word after she encountered it, as we do with so many interesting terms, in a class. The OED Online has it listed with a  frequency band of only 2 out of 8, meaning such words occur fewer than 0.01 times per million words in typical modern English usage. These are almost exclusively terms which are not part of normal discourse and would be unknown to most people. So our word may be on the way out the door with many other ancient but lovely adjectives. The OEDs usages vary. Wordsworth once described sunset in terms of it begin the fulgent West and a century later, a writer for Ebony noted a musicians fulgent keyboard technique. But the core sense of bright, shiny, or glittering remain, even if this word itself fades. Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month  here  and Words of the Week  here. Gem image courtesy of  Pixabay free images.

Is Russia a True Democracy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2220 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Politics Essay Type Argumentative essay Level High school Did you like this example? Is Russia a true democracy? Hague and Harrop (2013) argue that liberal democracy is a system with a representative and limited government that operates within an accepted framework for political competition between different political parties. Regular elections are based on universal suffrage and are free and fair where individual rights are respected (Hague and Harrop, 2013). Based on this definition, this essay will argue that Russia has the potential to become a true democracy, but in recent years it has become an illiberal democracy or a competitive authoritarian regime. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Is Russia a True Democracy?" essay for you Create order Levitsky and Way (2010) suggest competitive authoritarian regimes, or illiberal democracies, were competitive in the sense that they use competitive institutions to gain power. However, they use electoral manipulation and abuse state resources in favour of the incumbent regime (Levitsky and Way, 2010). This essay will explore how Russia has reached this stage from the formation of the 1993 constitution under Boris Yeltsin’s rule and how Vladimir Putin has transformed Russia into an illiberal democracy. Under Yeltsin’s rule (1991-99), Russia adopted a new constitution following a referendum in 1993 (Darlington, 1995). This is the constitution that Russia still uses to this day, though it has been amended since. Under this constitution, Russia has a bicameral legislature with a Federal Assembly, a Constitutional Court and a Duma, the latter being the lower chamber of their legislature (Hague and Harrop, 2013). The president is subject to impeachment to a great d egree under the Russian constitution, as the president needs a two-thirds majority in both parliamentary chambers plus confirmation by the courts, to ensure laws are passed (Hague and Harrop, 2013). Donaldson (2004) suggests that this was a time when Russia was strengthening its parliamentary and legal system. This constitution ensures that laws take precedence over presidential decrees, and the Duma played a significant part during the 1990s of resisting Yeltsin’s reforms (Hague and Harrop, 2013). Hague and Harrop (2013) praise Yeltsin’s rule as a time when Russia achieved substantial decentralisation of power. Hague and Harrop (2013) suggest that even under the changes to the Russian constitution Putin has brought in since the end of Yeltsin’s rule, Russia still has a more effective system of rule of law when compared to authoritarian China. Smith (2010) praises the 1993 constitution for ensuring that substantial legal reforms and new laws were passed to improve the legal system in Russia. The 1990s seemed like a decade where Russia could achieve true democracy because they established a constitution that allows the government to operate within a framework of limited government like in a liberal democracy. Following the election of Putin in 2000 to the present day, the situation in Russia has changed dramatically. Firstly, Putin successfully centralised power by acquiring the appointments of regional governments throughout Russia and he created, in 2000, seven extra-constitutional federal okrugs (districts) to oversee lower level units (Hague and Harrop, 2013). Though the 1993 Russian constitution has received praise for moving Russia towards a parliamentary and legal system, the constitution has an inherent flaw of allowing the president too much power as a guarantor of the constitution (Hague and Harrop, 2013). This flaw allows the president to be able to override legislation through decrees and dismiss ministers (Hague and Harrop, 2013). The purpose behind this centralisation was to ensure that these branches of the federal government remain loyal to Moscow and allowed the state to reduce dissent (Hague and Harrop, 2013). It seemed like Russia was now losing its potential to become a true democracy as Putin was beginning the process of strengthening the president’s power over Russia. This has led to Russia becoming a competitive authoritarian regime. This was only the beginning of things to come. Ross’ (2010) suggestion that Russia is a ‘unitary state masquerading as a federation’ (p.170) seems a more accurate way to describe Russia under Putin. Despite the work that Yeltsin made in the 1990s to ensure that the Russian constitution remained decentralised, Sharlet (2005) argues that there is now a gap between individual rights on paper and their realisation in practice since Putin came to power. Respect for individual rights are fundamental for a true democracy to exist, and this lack of respect for individual rights shows how much further away from a true democracy Russia has become under Putin to become a competitive authoritarian state. Throughout Putin’s time, the public have increasingly lost faith in the legal system and legal adjustments against the state have become increasingly difficult to enforce, particularly in the case of Russia’s richest oil oligarch, Mikhail Khodorkovsky (Sharlet, 2005). Khodorkovsky was arrested in 2003 for fraud, and again in 2010 for money laundering (Donaldosn, 2015). His trials received international condemnation for being politically motivated and for its lack of due process (Donaldson, 2015). Yet another distinguishing factor that contributes towards the growth of a competitive authoritarian regime in Russia under Putin is the lack of separation between the public and private sphere. Hague and Harrop (2013) argue that it is quite common in Russia for gangsters to participate in ‘free-for-all deals with the state’ and that ‘individual financiers pull the strings to fill their own pockets’ (p. 167). Putin even stated himself that he wants to decrease the degree of pluralism in Russia and how he wants ‘civil society to be adjunct to a strong state’ (Evans, 2005: p.112). For this reason, few promotional groups in Russia possess a mass membership (Evans, 2005). Despite this, Russia still has the potential to become a true democracy in allowing the promotion of business interests to the state and increase the amount of pluralism in Russia. As Peregudov (2011) argues, a network of business organisations has been established, and it is up and running. Yet, as Peregudov (2011) also highlights, the problem with this system is that it has received very little interest from Putin. It is little wonder that promotional groups in Russia do not possess a mass membership as they feel they have little influence under Putin, whic h demonstrates a further lack of true democracy in Russia. It is not just business interests that are penalised under Putin’s Russia. It is also opposition parties that receive barely any attention from the media and are put at a disadvantage by the state. As Hague and Harrop (2013) suggest, in a liberal democracy, there has to be a framework for competition between different political parties. Yet in recent years, this has not happened under Putin, which shows that true democracy is not prevailing. As McFaul (2005) argues, in Russia there is an absence of independence within the media as oligarchic ranks and regional elites reduced the freedom of manoeuvre for opposition parties and political candidates. A 2004 survey showed that eighty-two per cent of Russians watched television and twenty-two per cent read newspapers, which demonstrates the scope to which Putin can reach out to people (Oates, 2005). The significant problem with Russia’s media is that there are one-hundred laws governing media conduct and many journalists fear that whatever they publish, will ultimately lead to their deaths (Hague and Harrop, 2013). This proved to be the case when journalist Anna Piltkovskaya was murdered under suspicious circumstances in 2006 (Donaldson, 2015). The 2012 presidential elections, where Putin was re-elected, despite already serving two terms, demonstrated the fundamental weaknesses behind the Russian constitution (Donaldson, 2015). Putin received considerable protest after the count was manipulated to ensure Putin was re-elected (Hague and Harrop, 2013). This is what Levitsky and Way (2010) describe as ‘electoral manipulation in a competitive authoritarian regime’ (p. 3). This move has brought Russia closer to becoming a competitive authoritarian regime. Putin reacted to the growth in protest to his rule in 2012 from feminist punk band, the Pussy Riot, by imprisoning them and he restricted the amount of protests people are allowed to hold in Russia (Hague and Harrop, 2013). It is little wonder that people have little faith in political parties in Russia. As Huggins (2002) argues, crucial to a true democracy is that there is no limit to political participation. Russia has the worst levels of political participation amongst European nations with only one per cent of people in Russia members of political parties (Hague and Harrop, 2013). The 2011 parliamentary elections and 2012 presidential elections saw higher numbers of young people voting than in previous elections (Hague and Harrop, 2013). As White (2007) suggests, political parties seem to ‘come and go’ in Russia and this creates ‘a lack of party identification’ when compared to most parliamentary democracies (p. 27). The United Russia Party, founded by Putin in 2001, has dominated the Duma and the Federation Council since and won forty-nine per cent of the vote in the 2011 parliamentary elections (Donaldson, 2015). Levitsky and Way (2010) suggest that in competitive authoritarian regimes, the state abuses its power. The Kremlin used threats and bribes to ensure that this party was supported by Russia’s most powerful companies and regional governors (Hague and Harrop, 2013). This incident demonstrated that Russia possesses the characteristic features of a competitive authoritarian regime. In 2008, Putin stood down as president so that Dimitry Medvedev could take over as president (Donaldson, 2015). In a cynical move, the constitution was extended so that the president could serve for six years and decided to become president again in March 2012 (Donaldson, 2015). Vladimir Rhyzkov, a Kremlin opponent and former Duma deputy who lost his seat in 2007, said of the extension terms of 2008: ‘This is very negative. Today, the president controls parliament, senate, the regions, and the bureaucracy’ (Donaldson, 2015). Hague and Harrop (2013) argue that Russia cannot ac hieve what is close to a liberal democracy because real change cannot occur until Putin resigns. As Donaldson (2015) argues, Russia has become ‘influenced by the power and personality of one man; Putin.’ As Levitsky and Way (2010) argue, rulers tend to make the results in a competitive authoritarian regime. Twigg (2005) praises the improvements in policy-making made by Putin in 2005 that replaced the era of Soviet privileges (free or subsidised housing, transportation, medicine for students and patients) with cash payments. Despite this, policy-making in post-communist Russia remains subject to the requirements of the political elite and industrialists who pose a threat to the president find regulations invoked against them (Hague and Harrop, 2013). For example, in 2006, Putin provided his allies from state-owned oil companies with a greater share of the Sakhalin-2 oil field by rewriting the contract with Royal Dutch Shell (Hague and Harrop, 2013: p. 359). Theref ore, true democracy does not exist in Russia. Mikhail Gorbachev, the last leader of the Soviet Union, summed up his views of the current situation in Russia in 2011: ‘We have everything- a president, a prime minister, courts and a parliament- but it’s more of an imitation’ (Donaldson, 2015). The culmination of these events has inevitably led Putin to distract attention from home by trying to restore ‘prestige and glory’ to the Russian nation through occupying Ukraine and the Baltic states to expand Russia’s territory (Donaldson, 2015). Therefore, true democracy will not exist under Russia whilst Putin is still in charge. Russia has moved towards a competitive authoritarian regime instead. The potential for Russia to become a true democracy certainly existed under Yeltsin with the construction of the 1993 constitution which laid out the powers of the Duma, the Constitutional Court, the Federal Council and the president. The Duma played a leading part in blocking many of Yeltsin’s reforms and Russia moved towards establishing an effective parliamentary and legal system at this time. However, since the arrival of Putin, the state has centralised power to a large extent. The problem with the 1993 constitution was that it allowed the president too much power as both head of state and guarantor of the constitution. Putin has abused this clause by acquiring appointments for regional governments. Putin has ensured that the media plays a significant part in guaranteeing his re-election through electoral manipulation and giving less air time to his opponents. It may not be until 2024 that the potential for true democracy to exist in Russia re-emerges. Bibliography Darlington, R. (2015) Roger Darlington. Available at: https://www.rogerdarlington.me.uk/Russianpoliticalsystem.html. (Accessed: 20th January 2015). Donaldson (2004) ‘Russia’, Journal of Legislative Studies (10) pp. 230-49. Evans, A. (2005) A Russian Civil Society. In: White, S., Gitelman, Z. and Sakwa, R. (eds.) Developments in Russian Politics. 6th edition. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 96-113. Hague, R. and Harrop, M. (2013) Comparative Government and Politics: An Introduction. 9th edition Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Huggins, R. (2002) Democracy and Democratisation. In: Axford, B., Browning, G.K., Huggins, R. and Rosamond B. (eds.) Politics: An Introduction. Abingdon: Routledge. Levitsky, S. and Way, L. (2010) Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. New York: Cambridge University Press. McFaul, M. (2005) The Electoral System. In: White, S., Gitelman, Z. and Sakwa, R. (eds.) Developments in Russian Politics. 6th edition. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 61-79. Oates, S. (2005) Media and Political Communication. In White, S., Gitelman, Z. and Sakwa, R. (eds.) Developments in Russian politics. 6th edition. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, pp.114-29. Peregudov, S. (2001) The Oligarchical Model of Russian Capitalism. In: Brown, A. (ed.) Contemporary Russian Politics: A Reader. Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press, pp.259-68. Ross, C. (2010) Reforming the Federation in Developments. In: White, S., Sakwa, R., and Hale, H. (eds.) Developments in Russian politics. 7th edition. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, pp.152-170. Sharlet, R. (2005) In Search of the Rule of Law in Developments. In: White, S., Gitelman, Z. and Sakwa, R. (eds.) Developments in Russian Politics. 6th edition. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 130-47. Smith, A. (2010) Nationalism. 2nd edn, Cambridge: Polity. Twigg, J. (2005) Social Policy in Post-Soviet Russia. In: White, S., Gitelman, Z. an d Sakwa, R. (eds.) Developments in Russian Politics. 6th edition. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 204-20.

The Portrayal of Conformity as the Enemy of Progress in...

Michael Moore states in his film that we are now living in sick times, a time where financial profit is more important than human lives. That is not true although in the 1950s were â€Å"Pleasantville† is set. It is an Idyllic time where structure, laws and family values are widespread throughout the land; it is more highlighted to be golden age as we are subjected to David and Jennifer’s modern world, a world very similar to our own where the college counsellor shatters dreams, the health teachers labels the act of non-monogamous relations as dangerous and deadly and to add insult to injury the science teacher warns of further catastrophe as the ozone layer depletes, the stunned students in this world look to a future of despair. Even though†¦show more content†¦Conformity is the enemy in â€Å"Pleasantville†. The discrimination of the lesser groups is as a result to maintain traditional values present in the film, a place where according to Mr. Johnso n it never gets any better or worse, this change was feared because it was thought impossible. This film effectively portrays societal and historical issues by avoiding the factor that is the human condition, once it begins to become significant the citizens of Pleasantville begin to form a type of apartheid restricting the â€Å"coloureds† from entering shops, this is an example of two worlds clashing that for one reason are not willing to join, it is much like the apartheid was in South Africa. Michael Moore too, effectively portrays societal issues in today’s society. He goes inside the corporate world and brings to light the fact that companies prefer profit over human lives. He discovers the discriminations which some blue collar workers and those on welfare (who are discriminated against by Tommy Thomson who thinks that they leech off of tax payers) experience in the United States as they are over looked and not utilized by American employers for the reason that they can pay other workers in other countries substantially less and some up

Gates A Famous American Entrepreneur, Computer...

William Henry Gates III is a famous American entrepreneur, computer programmer, inventor and philanthropist. He is famous for being the co-founder of Microsoft. Microsoft is a company that sells computer software, operating systems, personal computers and electronics worldwide. Because of Microsoft’s popularity, Gates is one of the richest men in the world. Besides his company, Gates is currently famous for the Bill and Melinda Foundation. This foundation is where Gates is currently doing his philanthropy work. Through his company Microsoft and philanthropy, Bill Gates should indubitably be considered hero. Bill Gates was born on October 28, 1955. Gates was born in Seattle, Washington. His father, William Henry Gates II, was a Seattle†¦show more content†¦However, when he was in eighth grade, his school introduced him to computers. Gates was fascinated with the functions of a computer. One of his first programs allowed a user to play tic-tac-toe against the computer. During his time at Lakeside, Bill met Paul Allen. The two became friends due to their enthusiasm with computers. Together, they spent time using the computer and writing programs. Once, the two were banned from using the computer. They used an exploit that allowed them to use the computers longer than they were allowed to. When they were allowed to use the computers again, they offered to debug and write new programs for the computers. Supposedly, Bill once hacked into the school system, and changed his classes and schedule. At age 15, Paul and Bill created a program that monitored traffic, called â€Å"Traf-o-Dat a†, and they were able to sell it for $20,000. Bill went to Harvard University, to study law. His friend Paul acquired a job nearby. The two continued to collaborate on computers. During this time the Altair 8800 was released to the public. It was a simple computer, but it could only be used by skilled programmers. Both Bill and Paul were fascinated that people could buy their own computer for home use. They immediately bought one. They contacted the creators of the Altair, a company called Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems. The two asked if they could create a programs on the Altair

Development Plan for the Project on Corpora Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Project Development Plan. Answer: The rationale and scope of the project Corpora is central to the discipline of applied linguistics which is one of the most relevant source of the information and academic research and study that has been conducted by various linguists over the last couple of years (Crossley, Salsbury and Mcnamara 2014). The collocation of the (verbs+ phrasal verbs) is the context of this collocation project that will determine the the interaction between phrase structure rules. The scope of this project entails the collocation in textbooks, which must be incorporated and available for the further analysis and assessment of the morphological structures of the word. The context of compositionality and its impact on the syntactical structure eventually can be designated from the collective corpus, which has been recorded for several years. The aim and objective of this study will determine the perspective of the associating the concepts of structural linguistics along with the collocation project of applied linguistics (Patterson 2015). Research questions The relevant research questions are as follows: How are the parts-of-speech tagging being acquired as the tool to identify and mark the verb collocations in textbooks through the extensive corpus available in BNC? What are the aspects of identifying and correlating the verbal-prepositional verb categories in textbooks with the aid of the concordances? How can the allocation criteria and occurrence of verb and phrasal verb as a combined process be marked in the available corpus? How can the paralinguistic discourse and the associated phrasal structure in BNC or AntConc recover the grammatical tendencies of verb-phrasal verb collocations found in textbooks? Approach of the project on corpora The approach to be followed in regards to the assessment frequency and collocation on textbook is essentially based on both the quantitative approach after analysis a primary data collection method. Frequency filter will be the type of quantitative approach used for assessing the collocation of word and morphological aspect (Gouws 2015). On the other hand, another quantitative technique, which will be applied for the determination of the assessment, is the selection of the mean and frequency of the collocating and focal word used to formulate the specific result. On the other hand, the approach of the project on corpora for the selection of the different allocating words used for different native speakers is essentially important for acknowledging the methods as used in the textbooks of different language (Patterson 2015). The corpus tools to be used In order to accelerate the research on the collocation of the devices which are to be used for developing a project plan on the collocation of the words the aid from the British National Corpus systems will determine the frequency that are used in the speech variation of the individual. Moreover, the purpose of concordances shall be met with the devices like AntConc, which will specifically help in coordinating and comparing the data. Project objectives and anticipated contribution to the area explored The transparency of the collocation, which has often been accepted as a reason for the encouragement to the researchers, will look into the perspective of computational linguistics. In fact, the reinforcement of the corpus linguistic research can be cited as the reason for the application of the language and lexicon analysis in the field of corpora. It is essentially significant of the several studies that are being carried out the language development phenomenon (Macis and Schmitt 2016). Reference Crossley, S.A., Salsbury, T. and Mcnamara, D.S., 2014. Assessing lexical proficiency using analytic ratings: A case for collocation accuracy.Applied Linguistics, p.amt056. Gouws, R.H., 2015. Idioms and collocations in bilingual dictionaries and their Afrikaans translation equivalents.Issues,31. Macis, M. and Schmitt, N., 2016. Not just small potatoes: Knowledge of the idiomatic meanings of collocations.Language Teaching Research, p.1362168816645957. Patterson, K., 2015. An investigation into the Lexical Representations of Metaphoricity using Corpora.

My Husbands Nine Wives By Elizabeth Joseph Essays - Polygamy

My Husband's Nine Wives by Elizabeth Joseph ?My Husband's Nine Wives,? an essay written by Elizabeth Joseph, effectively describes a woman's life made easier due to the principle of polygamy. Polygamy, otherwise known as plural marriage, remains illegal in the United States today; however, it is possible that polygamy go undetected by law because of a marrying couple's intentional negligence to obtain proper certificates or licenses. This essay, written with a touch of humor, while at the same time maintaining its'realism, lays out the advantages of polygamy in a nonchalant manner. Through believable techniques in writing and a relaxed nature, Elizabeth Joseph's ?My Husband's Nine Wives? sets a precedent for the modern career woman. The style of writing used in this essay allows for an easy grasping and understanding of polygamy. Initially, the audience becomes involved due to the author's writing tactics. The essay, constructed to attract modern career women or women in general, and to turn them on to polygamy, offers insight to the reader. This essay appeals to modern career women through the constant reminders of the difficulties surrounding monogamous relationships such as always having to compromise (128). In addition, the authors choice in tone strengthens the essay. The author sets a reassuring tone which the reader can very easily relate to. Getting her point across, the author, not taking her point to the extreme, but instead using a relaxing, yet serious tone demonstrates the professionality of the essay. Most importantly, persuasion remains the key to the effectiveness of the essay. The dramatic description of life made easier due to polygamy forces the audience to ponder. For example, the detailed pa ragraphs on the magazines and talk shows that discuss the dredging problem of mothers ?successfully juggling [their] career[s], motherhood, and marriage? (128). Following the style of writing, the attractiveness of polygamy adds to the effectiveness in Joseph's ?My Husband's Nine Wives.? First, the author reverses the traditional roles in this essay. According to the essay, polygamy serves the ideal situation for the woman and the oppressive one for the man whereas one expects the opposite to be true (127). Polygamists also feel that they be allowed to interpret the Old Testament how it serves them best in their lives (128). Furthermore, the woman's career mushrooms as a result of polygamy. There always is another husband or wife at home to help care for the children so the so-called ?modern woman? can continue with her career (128). The wife does not have to rely on just one person in a polygamous relationship. Along with the career, the woman's social activeness increases. Since in a polygamous relationship the people involved are not confined to one partner, women possess the options do as they please the majority of the time. Also, when the women wish to spend time with her husband, she makes an ?appointment,? and if it is not possible to see him, they arrange another night (129). Straight forward and to the point, Elizabeth Joseph's ?My Husband's Nine Wives? on polygamy imposes a model for modern women. This essay is short and sweet while at the same time extremely effective in getting the point across. Moreover, women gain much under the principle of polygamy such as both career and social benefits, but to the traditional, moral-filled reader, polygamy remains a sin. Ultimately, truth has a place in this essay, but under the modern circumstances, the chance for polygamy to be legal, or even become the lifestyle of many people in the future will not happen without the aid of some sort of serious commotion.

Affrimative Action Essays

Affrimative Action Essays Affrimative Action Essay Affrimative Action Essay Affrimative Action Affirmative Action Affirmative action is a plan made to end discrimination by guaranteeing minorities will be hired. The United States uses this practice to hire, but the qualifications of such people are occasionally overlooked. Many people believe that affirmative action is a very effective plan. The other people who oppose such action include people of various minorities, as well as many others who have been wronged by the plan. We live in a small town where there are very few minorities but in the big cities, it?s a very big deal. In several cases, this plan causes minorities to be thought of as being under qualified when hired and it also causes a new minority, the white male. Our government needs to acknowledge the fact that affirmative action is not putting an end to discrimination. This plan has succeeded in creating new minorities and more reasons for discrimination. Affirmative action frequently causes qualified employees to be looked down upon because some believe them to be affirmative action hires. My boss at work is a woman and as a result I have encountered many discriminatory comments pertaining to her position. The first remark I usually receive suggestions that she was hired for her position affirmative, action, minorities, people, plan, hired, because, qualified, very, job, discrimination, certain, believe, woman, white, upon, states, position, minority, male, made, hiring, good, gender, causes, boss, being, been, whether, united, system, standards, should, remark, received

Australian History Convict Transportation Essay

Australian History Convict Transportation - Essay Example For which the impact of the changes has brought the mortality rate of convicts on board to a lower rating. From the embarkation of convicts for their exile to a remote or distant land, several emotional responses are encountered - swearing, cursing, wrangling, and lamenting. Included in it, is the verdict that they will be going through while on board a transport. Their predicaments initially in the hulks during their actual voyages include such as: authorities who less care about their welfare, and the unsanitary conditions, resulting them to death before, during or immediately, after the voyage, where historians attribute the initially high mortality rates to a failure in organization.1 To ensure convicts' health and welfare, standard operating procedures are conveyed with a brief summary of regulations such that: The British Government has hitherto regarded the transportation of prisoners as the chief mode of providing labor in the colonies; punishment and utility have been connected so as to render convict labor alike beneficial to the colonists and conducive to the best interests of the parent state; all convicts sent out are to be newly clad, and ample rations of wholesome food are to be apportioned to them; health is preserved by cleanliness, which is strictly attended to, and the ship owners are bounded by the terms of their charter to supply each prisoner with at least half-a-gallon of water per day; and care is also taken that they are not subjected to any oppressive or capricious treatment.2 Attempts had been made to reduce the death rates in prison hulks, including the provision of adequate space, proper nutrition, personal cleanliness, hygienic living conditions, reasonable working conditions, regular medical care, the exclusion and isolation of those with contagious diseases, and also an opportunity for secular redemption. The result was impressive. Death rate in the hulks had been reduced. However, after a period of experimentation and learning, they were repeated on the convict ships. Though, initially, improvements were achieved in the hulks.3 The evidences according to records describe and picture convict voyages with much higher mortality rating than in the later phases. Deaths were caused more by diseases than by accidents and violence. Where, most deaths that were caused by diseases are attributed to acute infectious diseases rather than to chronic diseases. The main acute infectious diseases cited are dysentery in the Atlantic slave trade; typhus, cholera, and smallpox on European voyages to North America and Australia; cholera and meningitis on Indian voyages to Fiji; and dysentery on Pacific Islander voyages to Fiji and Queensland. The occurrences of epidemics on intercontinental voyages created differentiating opinions that caused some individuals to conduct researches comparing the early and the later phase of the convict era. During the early phase (before 1815), determining factors before the embarkation of convicts aboard comprehend the high mortality rates of convicts. The lack of immunity of the populations at the ports or regions of embarkation to a range of acute infectious diseases, and the ease with which these diseases spread in the often unsanitary conditions under which passengers were housed prior to embarkation. Medical examinations prior to embarkation were perfunctory. Infectious diseases were often carried on board by sick passengers where

Religion, science and faith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Religion, science and faith - Essay Example By deconstructing these institutions, Vonnegut invites us to appreciate the fact that most of the truths to which we hold fast are really rather silly when examined closely as well as things we used to believe in. John’s gradual conversion from Christianity to Bokononism, the fictional religion created by Vonnegut, is at the heart of the novel. As he pursues the Hoenikkers across the globe, each time he comes to a realization that pushes him one step closer to a Bokononist outlook. Brave New World being a classical example of a dystopian novel revolves around the idea of totalitarianism and is set in a futuristic world where a combination of science and pleasure form a rather feudalistic society. I think this book is really interesting as it explores the dangers of technology and what it can do to a whole world; Brave New World explores the idea of just how far science can go without being immoral. Would we really want to live in a world where eugenics rule and despite everyon e being equal on the surface, deep underneath prospers the idea of inequality and unfairness (1)? Vonnegut uses the plot of Cats Cradle to make a postmodern parody of how science really does not lead to a utopia and clashes with faith and religion. He employs humor as a means to make his reader assume a critical stance toward science and religion. We can assume that in Cat’s Cradle science became a revered institution of truth and knowledge, and few people seriously questioned whether the truth and knowledge of modern science were necessarily beneficial. Vonnegut uses a religion he created for the novel called Bokononism to convey society’s misconceptions about the usefulness of truth. Bokononism is a religion that identifies with its own falseness. It rejoices in accepting that its ideals are not true. At the same time, when we talk about Brave New World, we usually have in mind the

Are We Too Overdependent On Computers Philosophy Essay

Are We Too Overdependent On Computers Philosophy Essay Computer is a relatively new invention. Computers were invented about fifty years ago. However they came in extensive use some thirty years back. Personal Computers were put in use some times in the year 1980. In this short spell of time computers made tremendous impact on our lives. We are now so much dependent on computers that life without computers can not be imagined. Imagine the amount of chaos that would occur if Railway Ticket Booking, Air Booking, Banking computers fails or they are removed worldwide. Time is collapsing. Distance is no longer an obstacle. Crossing oceans takes only a minute by a single mouse click. Computers and internet are the one of the evolved technological revolution in the 21st century. By using computers, we can make or work out most of difficult things which are hardly completed without their hands. The presence of increasingly sophisticated internet technology has changed human lifestyle and the demands on human competence. The following paper discussed the different arguments about the computer dependency in our daily life. Starting from the brief introduction about the uses, advantages and disadvantages of the computers and technology, the paper leads towards the discussion about the arguments on computer dependency. At the end I have summarized the point of views of my friends and colleagues about the same question then I have given my conclusion from the overall study. Contents Introduction Background Fun, relaxation, communication tools can you get all that with only one tool? The answer is yes. What is the name of that magical instrument? Technologys greatest innovation in recent past and those are computers. Computer is regarded as an unbelievable intellectual tool in our society. It plays a vital role in our everyday life and gives the workplace, education, entertainment, healthcare and communication a complete new form. In addition it helps us to do our work more efficiently and more professionally than ever before. They are exclusive equipment that performs three main tasks: accept user inputs, processes it according to prescribed rules and produce a result as output in the way which user requires. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"In the 1980s, computers began to take up new roles in different forms. A simple computer could be a cash machine in a supermarket, which does not look like a traditional one. In the past two decades, the price of components used for computers steadily fell due to higher technological advancement, reduced cost of manufacturing, stiffer competition, entrance of more manufacturers, new usage that simplified many processes, greater market demand and inevitability to higher productivity. And the trend of the usage of computer is changing quickly, from governmental to societal. Till now, the beginning of the 21st century, computers are becoming more powerful and functional and much closer to our daily life.à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ Ã‚  [1]   Aim The aim of this report is to find out the relationship between peoples life and computer and to see how much we are dependent on computers in our daily life? Use of computers Nowadays, we cannot imagine our life without computers and the fact is that they have become so important that nothing can replace them. They seem to be everywhere today. Since 1948 when the first real computer has been invented our life has changed so much that we can call it real digital revolution  [2]  . Our lives have changed to a great extent because of developments in Information technology. Many of our traditional practices have also transformed because of computers. Things that were only dreamed of in the past are now possible due to computers. If one day all the computer systems were to stop working, we would have huge problems1. In the past, computers were different from todays ones. They were so huge that they occupied whole rooms or buildings being comparatively slow in processing data. They were not faster than current simple calculators. Nowadays they are also used by scientist and they may also be as huge as the old ones but they are million times faster. They can execute many multiple operations simultaneously and scientist practically cannot perform without them. Now people have access to massive amount of information. Gathering and collecting data has never been simpler than now. They are not only used in laboratories but also in factories to control production. Sometimes it is computers who manufacture other computers2. This is known as computer aided manufacturing (CAM) and computer aided designs (CAD). But not only in science and industry computers are being used. Thanks to them modern medicine and health science can diagnose diseases faster and more comprehensively. Also in banking system computers have become common. They control ATMs, all data is stored on special hard disks and paper is not used in accountancy any more. Furthermore, architects, designers and engineers cannot imagine their work without computers. This machines are really everywhere and we rely on them also in such fields as criminology. They help police to solve crimes and collect evidence. Moreover, computers are wide-spread in education. Use of technology is woven into an almost daily educational discourse and debate. It is relatively easy to forget that computer use in education is a relatively new phenomenon that has evolved to widespread use only within the last 20 years. Teachers began to have more control over classroom with the help of technology in-use with the introduction of the first microcomputers in 1997 according to Roblyer and Edwards (2000)  [3]  . Except their classic tasks such as administration and accountancy they are used in process of learning. Firstly, they store huge amount of data which helps students to gain information. Secondly, thanks to special teaching techniques and programs they improve skills of concentration and adaptation of knowledge. They have become so popular and in use that not knowing how to use those means to be illiterate. Advantages of Computers Out of many some of the advantages of computer in our daily life are as follows: Computers saves storage place. Imagine how much paper would have to be used, how many trees would have to be cut just to store information which is today on hard disks. Data stored on just one CD in paper form would use room of dozens square meters and would weight thousands of kilos. Nowadays techniques of converting data from paper to digital form have also terrifically developed. You can simply rewrite the text using a keyboard. If you are not good at it you can use a scanner to scan necessary documents. At least there are special devices which can transfer our voice into text. Thanks to computers; banks, private and government companies, libraries, and many other institutions can save millions of square meters in terms of space and billions of dollars in terms of money. Nowadays we have access to billions of pieces of information and due to the computers capabilities we actually do not need to worry not only how to store them but also how to process them. Computers can calculate and process information faster and more accurate than human. Computers improve our lives. They are very useful in office work, we can write text such as reports and analysis. Compared with old typewriters when using computers we dont have to worry about making mistakes in typewriting because special programs help as to avoid them and we can change them any time. When the text is finished we can print it in as many copies as we want. At least but not at last, we can communicate with whole world very fast and cheap using Internet. Computers are user-friendly. We can watch videos and listen to the music having only PC. We dont need video player, TV and stacking hi-fi any more. Furthermore, we dont have to buy PCs which can take much room due to their other necessary components and wires. We can always buy laptop or palm top which is even smaller, and use them outside anywhere we want. Of course except these excellent features there is also dark side of computer technology because every invention brings us not only benefits but also threats. Disadvantages of Computers Sitting in front of a computer for long has adverse effects. Radiation from the screen affects the eyes, making it difficult to identify objects in high resolution. A magnetic field, generated by computers, also harms the brain; therefore resulting in jumbled thoughts or memories. A common symptom of computers adverse effects is restless sleeping. When using a computer, the brain is constantly moving like a water turbine. Therefore, after prolonged use, the eyes are strained, the brain is on maximum is still expecting more work and so results in kicking and turning while sleeping. Health is not the only individual to be devastated by prolonged computer usage; relationships are also hit hard too. Computer users, who work on the computer for long periods of time, create less time for interaction with their society. The advent of social networking sites might be seen as a solution to that problem, but face to face interactions are beneficial once in a while. Over-dependence on computers creates room for laziness too. People tend to disregard learning to do some things the manual way. Thus, a computer break-down would leave them helpless until the computer is repaired. Violence and sex. The main threats to younger users of computers are internet pornography and bloody games. The presence of sexual content or level of violence should be properly marked and parents are obliged to draw their attention to this issue. There are many extremely bloody games such as grand theft auto, quake etc. For example, in GTA you are a member of mafia and to promote in crime hierarchy you should kidnap people, steal cars, robe banks etc. As a bonus you can also run over pedestrians. There are also many games in which you are a soldier and your mission is to kill as many enemies as possible. The other threat to our children is internet pornography. The availability of sexual content is enormous and you can do practically nothing to protect your child, especially when its interested in this matter. The other threat is that you can be a computer addict. If you spend most of your free time using computer you should go to see a psychologist. Arguments about Computer dependency Since their invention, people far and wide have become increasingly dependent on computers. Computers have found their way into just about every aspect of our lives, and in most cases, they make things easier for us  [4]  . They allow us to work from home, socialize with our friends and family who live too far away to visit, and they provide an ever-welcome stress relief when we come home from school or work and just want to have some fun. But as we increasingly rely on computers to get through the day, the question begs to be asked: have we become too dependent on computers? Despite the many benefits of computers, there are also a number of arguments against them, one of which is the negative effect some believe they are having on childrens education. Illiteracy is a growing issue, and many say that computers are to blame. In the past few years, many teachers have taken to shuffling their students off to a computer to type out short, quick assignments that could easily be written out by hand. While this isnt much of an issue for older students, it is an issue for the younger students who are just learning to read and write. Regardless of how much were coming to rely on computers, printing and handwriting are a necessary skill to have. But typing out assignments has an effect on more than just the ability to print4. It can also negatively impact their spelling and grammar. While most programs now have spell- and grammar-check, they are not infallible; they cannot differentiate between homonyms and will often times suggest corrections that are not, in fact, correct. Furthermore, information is often more easily and accurately remembered when children have to spend a little time writing it out by hand, rather than a few quick minutes typing away at a keyboard. Because of these factors, computers in school should be reserved for older students, longer assignments, or classes which specifically teach how to use a computer. Another case against computers crops up when a persons interest in computers goes too far and becomes an obsession. Computers make our lives easier and give us new ways to learn about the things were interested in. They make it possible to do many things from the comfort of our own home. We can shop online, keep in touch with our friends online, even go to school online. They make it easier to record and organize information and entertain us with a nearly endless variety of games. However, its still important to maintain a life outside of the cyber world; a life spent attached to a computer screen isnt a real life. When a computer becomes the central point of a persons life, they undergo a change in behavior; they become lazy and develop anti-social tendencies, and, in some severe cases, simply cannot function without a computer. Its a common thing to see with children who have been allowed to spend too much time on the computer, watching TV, or playing video games: when it comes time to walk away, they throw temper tantrums. But its not just a matter of behavioral changes, when a person cant tear themselves away from the screen long enough to take part in any other activity, it can take a toll on their comfort and health. They may experience weight gain, strained eyes, and headaches, among other unpleasant side-effects. However, it can also be argued that this is not the fault of the computer, but rather the fault of the person  [5]  . Perhaps the most convincing argument, however, is the issue of safety. Aside from the issue of sharing personal information such as full names and addresses, there is also the bigger issue of stolen personal information. As our dependence on computers grows, so does our comfort level with them, and we are more likely to save personal information to our computer. While it would be nice to think that it is always perfectly safe to do so, the fact is that there are people who have any number of ways to gain access to your personal files, and therefore, any personal information stored on your computer. Even if you dont knowingly keep any personal information on your computer, if you bank or shop online at all, its possible for someone who knows what theyre doing to gain access to delicate financial information. But these are just examples of issues with household computers. What of the rest of the world? Instead of writing a cheque, we whip out our cards to pay for things when were short on cash. What happens when the internet goes down and youre stuck in the checkout line with $200 worth in groceries, and no way to pay for them because you dont have a blank cheque? What happens when everyone is driving their fancy, futuristic cars that run on a computer chip and something goes wrong? In a few hundred years, will anyone know how to drive the cars that we know today? Why are we really relying so much on computers? People put their computers through a lot of grief because they dont quite know what theyre doing when they decide to fix a problem or clean up their hard drive, but there are also errors in programming, bugs that need to be fixed long after the product is out on the market, and there are always people trying to ruin a perfectly good thing with viruses and the like. Survey Results We have asked the same question à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Are we dependent on computers?à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  to our friends and fellow students and we gather these responses: Yes, because many everyday skills have been lost due to the use of computers and other technology. I have had this argument many times with people. Because of computers and smart phones, too many people cant think for themselves. They cant decide what restaurant they want to go to without pulling up a search engine. They cant add 2 + 2 because they always have their handy computer calculator to do the work for them. They cant manage their own time, because their computer schedule is what keeps them in order. In todays society, we are too dependent on computers. People are losing their ability to function without a computer. Memorization is a thing of the past, we now depend on our cell phones to have the phone number of everyone we know and we no longer can even remember the phone number of our parents or children. We no longer worry about what we are writing or typing because we all use a word processing program that has spellchecker and checks for grammar mistakes. So as you can see we depend on computers too much and are losing our ability to memorize, type, spell, or even write a grammatical correct sentence. We are way too dependent on computers today; most businesses are not able to run without a computer anymore. My belief that everybody somewhere somehow has to use a computer for what they are doing. Most businesses are run on computers or even by computers. Banking is now done on computers along with credit apps and even car and movie rentals. If we lost the use of computers at this point in time, our world would come to a screeching halt. Stocks would crash; gas pumps and credit card machines would go down. The dependency on computers is also an extreme risk to the way that businesses and lives are run. Some people are even addicted, having to be on the computer all the time. These reasons are why I think that we are too dependent on computers. If we lose computers we end up in chaos. It is important to properly understand what being too dependent is. If we say that too dependent means that if we lose it in an instant then we are completely screwed and end up in chaos, then sure, were too dependent on computers. However, does the concept of too dependent even exist? Is it even possible to be too dependent on something? But the way I see dependence, we are too dependent. Too many tasks are done using computers. At some point in a persons day, a computer is involved whether that is driving, writing, communicating, or even ordering food. Too many important aspects of our lives depend on computers and one of the crucial aspects is communication. For myself, I talk to more people per day via digital communication than in real life. We are not too dependent on computers, because they allow us to perform better and produce more. Computers are tools, and you can never be too dependent on tools. Tools allow us to perform better and produce more. When I was in high school, research meant a trip to the library, finding the right book, and then taking notes with pencil and paper. Today, research is going online and cutting and pasting. We are not too dependent on computers, because that would be the same as saying that we are too dependent on tools. Computers are only tools which help us to perform better. Is the survival of the human race dependent on computers? No. However, if you asked, if modern society developed nations are heavily dependent on computers? Then yes, to the extent that if you were able to destroy all computers overnight, then we would be in a terrible mess indeed, most forms of public transport, logistics, stock trading, banks, economy of the internet and modern life as we know it would come to a crashing halt and many of us would be too stunned to know how to deal with it. Conclusion In our opinion, computers and other developments of technology are useful and there is no possibility to live without them nowadays, as we got too much used to them. However, we should also work to find the ways of making our dependence on technology less dangerous for us. New developments should appear only when really important and helpful for people.

Should Members Of Congress Earn More Money Or Less? :: essays research papers

Well, it really depends on one thing; I'm talking about their reason for becoming a congressman. If I were to become a congressman, my reason would be to help Californians express their opinions better. However this is my reason. Different people have millions of other reasons. I think there are three major reasons for becoming a congressman: represent his/her state, power, or money. I don't believe that most people get into Congress for the money. I believe most people that become congressmen want their state to be heard, and they want to improve it. However not everybody is so good some people are in it purely for power, usually power means money. I do not believe their salaries should be lowered, because if they feel they don't get what they deserve, they might not do their best in the office, they might abuse their privileges, etc. If they don't get paid enough they become more susceptible to taking bribes; this is the first sign of corruption. This might explain the paying less part, however it doesn't say much about raising their salary. I've considered the idea of raising their salary, however after a careful examination of facts, I didn't think raising it would improve much. As I have mentioned before, people (the Congressmen) don't do it for the money. Basically money isn't their primary concern. What would happen if you say doubled their salaries? People are not perfect, nobody is... if you pay them a lot more, chances are they might become greedy; when the only thing a person cares about is money, nothing ever gets accomplished. Greed is a terrible "sickness," even though you have a lot of something, in this case money, you want more, and more, and more, this craving never stops. The last thing you'd want is a greedy congressman. It is very likely that a greedy congressman would take bribes, and use his office to make even more profits, any way possible. A greedy congressman would probably forget his responsibilities, and duties as a congressman; this would only make it worse for that particular state.

Supply and Demand- a Case Study Milk Price

The market supply and demand curve above shows the milk price support problem. In order to solve the milk surpluses in the market, the government should take the steps to increase the market demand to the milk products by exploring overseas markets. For instance, the government should export the milk surpluses abroad. This would cut the cost of storage for milk products and encourages the local dairy farmers continue in dairy business. b. The small dairy farmers would prefer the proposal 4 because it benefits them the most through the buyout program.This program encourages small dairy farmers to switch from dairy business to another business. The rewards from government can be used as capital to start a new business. c. For consumers, they would prefer the proposal 2. Since the consumers are also the taxpayers, the dairy price support program is very costing to taxpayers. By eliminating the price support program, the consumers can enjoy the lower price of milk and the taxes to purcha se unsold milk products can used to support other domestics goods that would be more benefits the consumers. d.The member of Congress who is concern about the welfare of community will look with favor on the proposal 2. Since they investigated that the market for milk is a competitive market. Without the government intervention, the market equilibrium price for milk is set by the market demand and supply. For the benefits of consumers and taxpayers, they would enjoy a lower milk price than price floor. The problem of the farmers can be solved by increase the demand for dairy products, such as exports the milk surpluses abroad and promote the local brand of milk products to consumers. Question 2 a. When YED = 2,Income Elasticity of Demand, YED= Percentae change in quantity demandedPercentage change in income 2= ? Qd %12% ? Qd %=24 % The quantity demanded for personal computer increases 24% as the customer’s income have risen by 12%. So, in order to meet my current inventory to the increase of quantity demanded by 24%, the price of personal computer should be increased. When PED = 0. 5, Price Elasticity of Demand, PED= Percentage change in quantity demandedPercentage change in Price 0. 5= 24 %? Price % ? Price %=48 % ? The price of personal computer should be increase by 48% so that the quantity demanded will approximately equal my current inventory. . i. To determine the price elasticity of demand, PED= ? Qd %? Price % PED=4. 3 %0. 25/1. 25? 100 PED=4. 3 %20% PED=0. 125 ? When the price increased $0. 25 to $1. 50, an increase of 20%, the quantity demanded declined 4. 3%, the price elasticity of demand for subway rides is 0. 125. The elasticity is less than 1, so that the quantity demanded moves proportionately less than the price, demand is said to be inelastic. ii. Since the demand can be considered as the inelastic, the riders are less sensitive to the fare rises and there would probably because of no substitute way for riders in short period.Hence, th e Transit Authority’s revenue increases as the fare rises. iii. From the estimation, the demand for subway rides is inelastic in short run. The estimation might be unreliable because of the data gathered is only first month after the fare rises. After a longer period, the riders may choose not to use subway and find another way of transportation which is more economical to them. The switch of riders to substitute way of transportation means the quantity demanded for subway decreases. So, when the fare rises, the quantity demanded declines gradually, the price elasticity of demand would be higher and more elastic. . As a clever entrepreneur, it is important to measure how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to changes in consumer’s income. During the prosperity periods, the consumer’s income is higher, they would demand for normal goods and less demand for inferior goods. In periods of depression, the consumer’s income decreases leads to an incre ase of quantity demanded for inferior goods because their purchasing power is low. If the entrepreneur understands that inferior goods have negative income elasticity (Mankiw, 2007), he would probably switch his business to sell inferior goods.For example, a used-car seller who might sell branded luxury cars during prosperity periods. However, during depression periods, he might switch to sell low-cost cars in order to sustain his business. In conclusion, the statement is valid. Question 3 a. Diminishing returns to a single factor are observable in all production processes at some level of inputs. The ‘law of diminishing marginal productivity’ is defined as the marginal product of an input is the additional output generated by employing one more unit of the input, all other inputs held fixed.The extra output, or returns, to the single input diminish because all other inputs are held fixed. One of the factors is capital. For example, as the stock of capital rises, the ex tra output produced from an additional of capital falls (Mankiw, 2007). Returns to scale are different from the returns to a single factor. Returns to scale are proportional increases in all inputs. While each factor in production process generates diminishing returns, the output may more than double, less than double, or exactly double when all the inputs are doubled.The distinction again is that with returns to scale, all inputs are increased in the same proportion and no input is held fixed. b. In filling a vacant position, we should be concerned with the marginal product of the last worker hired because the marginal product measures the effect on output, or total product, of hiring another worker. It helps us to determine the revenue generated by hiring another worker and compared it to the cost of hiring another worker. This comparison shows that whether the hiring would help to increase the production.The point at which the average product begins to decline is the point where average product is equal to marginal product. Although adding more workers results in a further decline in average product, total product continues to increase, so it may still be advantageous to hire another worker. When average product declines, the marginal product of the last worker hired is lower than the average product of previously hired workers. c. The isoquant identifies all the combinations of the two inputs which can produce the same level of output. The curvature of the isoquant is measured by the slope of the isoquant at any given point.The slope of the isoquant measures the rate at which the two inputs can be exchanged and still keep output constant, and this rate is called the marginal rate of technical substitution. Along the typical â€Å"bowed-in† or convex isoquant, the marginal rate of technical substitution diminishes as you move down along the isoquant. SECTION B Question 4 a. To find the equilibrium price and quantity, Qd=Qs 100-5P=5P 10P=100 P=10 When P = 10, Q=5P Q=510 Q=5 ? Equilibrium price is $10, equilibrium quantity is 50 units Price of Negext, $ Market Equilibrium Quantity of Negext, Units 50 0 10 Supply Demand 20Consumer Surplus Producer Surplus Graph 2 The Negext Market Supply and Demand Consumer Surplus=12 ? $10 ? 50 =$ 250 Producer Surplus=12? $10 ? 50 =$ 250 Total Surplus=Consumer Surplus+Producer Surplus Total Surplus=$250+$250 =$ 500 ? The consumer surplus is $250, the producer surplus is $250 and total surplus is $500. b. When 50 units of Negext are produced, Total Cost of Pollution=50 ? 4 ? $1 =$ 200 The sellers would impose $4 for each units of Negext, so the price for Negext is $14. Total Surplus=$ 500-$200 =$ 300 ? The total surplus after taking into account the cost of pollution, it reduces to $ 300. . We can use total surplus to measure the welfare of buyers and sellers in Negext market. If the society banning Negext, no demand from buyers, Negext will run out of business, the society is not in economic well - being. Both buyers and sellers do not enjoy any welfare from banning. When the total surplus is zero, the total market welfare is zero as well. d. Under the government restriction, the market only can produce 25 units of Negext. (100 units of pollution ? 4 units of pollution are emitted each Negext is produced= 25 units of Negext can be produced) Qs=25 units 00-5 P=25 P=$ 15 ? The new market equilibrium when the quantity 25 units and price is $ 15. Since the minimum cost to produce one unit of Negext is $5 (assuming the cost of production per Negext is $1 and cost of pollution is $4), so the supply of Negext decreases to zero when the price falls below $5. Graph 3 shows the Negext market after the restriction. This restriction limits the production to 25units and the price rises to $15. The consumer surplus decreases to $62. 50, producer surplus is $312. 50, and pollution cost is $100. The total surplus falls $275.In short, this policy is not recommended because it reduces the tot al market welfare. Graph 3 The Negext Market Supply and Demand after the government restriction. Price of Negext, $ New Market Equilibrium Quantity of Negext, Units 0 Supply Demand 20 Producer Surplus 15 Consumer Surplus 25 5 Consumer Surplus=12? $5? 25 =$ 62. 50 Producer Surplus=12? ($10+$15)? 25 =$312. 50 Total Cost of Pollution=25 units Negext? 4 units pollution ? $1 =$ 100 Total Surplus=$ 62. 50+$312. 50-$100 =$275 e. The consumers and producers should bear the $2 tax respectively. Inverse Demand : P=18-15QInverse Supply :P=-2+15Q NEW Qd=90-5P NEW Qs=-10+5P Qd=Qs 90-5P=-10+5P P=10 Q=90-5(10) Q=40 units Refer to Graph 4, the market is in equilibrium when price is $10 and quantity, 40 units. However, the actual price paid by the consumers is $12 and the producers receiving price of $8. The tax revenue is $160. The consumer surplus is $160, producer surplus is $160, and total pollution cost is $160. The total surplus increases to $320. So, this policy is highly recommended because the increases of total market welfare that benefits all the society members.Graph 4 The Neget Market after government imposes tax. Price of Negext, $ Quantity of Negext, Units 40 0 10 Supply Demand 20 12 8 Tax Revenue=$4? 40 =$160 Consumer Surplus=12? $8? 40 =$160 Producer Surplus=12? $8? 40 =$160 Total Cost of Pollution=40? 4? $1 =$100 Total Surplus=$160+$160+$160-$160 =$320 f. When the cost of pollution is higher than $1, the total surplus decreases. The price paid by the consumer increases, the consumer surplus decreases. Then, it would affect the society well-being, especially the welfare of consumer is violated. This leads the consumers banning Negext.Moreover, if the production of Negext emit such high pollution to environment, the society should ban Negext for the safety and health of society. REFERENCES Smith, 2007. Chapter 6 answers (Online) Available From : http://www. coloradocollege. edu/Dept/EC/Faculty/Smith/EC2070102/chap_06answers. htm (Accessed : 16 July 2011) Wmich. Edu. 2010. Assignments In Class (Online) Available From : http://homepages. wmich. edu/~u5nwaogu/In%20Class%20Assignments/Inclass_3. pdf (Accessed : 16 July 2011) Mankiw, N. Gregory. (2007). Principles of Economics, 4th Edition. USA: Thomson South – Western. pp97-99, 559-562

The Song Of Roland The Pagan And Christian Perspective

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